中考英语知识点总结归纳最新完整版免费
中考英语总复习既是查漏补缺的过程,也是一种学习的过程。那么关于中考英语知识点应该怎么学习呢?以下是小编准备的一些中考英语知识点总结归纳最新完整版，仅供参考。
中考英语常考语法知识点
英语语法知识难点(一)
(一) 形容词和副词I.要点A.形容词1、形容词的用法 形容词是用来修饰、描绘名词的，通常在句中作定语、表语或宾补，有时还可作状语。如：He is honest and hardworking. I found the book interesting.
某些形容词与定冠词连用表示一类人作主语时，谓语通常用复数形式。如：The rich and the poor live in different parts of thecity.
The English like to be with their families.
多个形容词作定语修饰名词的顺序： 冠词+序数词+基数词+性质状态(描述性)+形状大小+新旧老少+颜色+国籍+材料+名词。如：the second five interesting big new red Chinese wallpapers.
2、形容词比较等级的形式 (1)规则形式 一般说来，单音节词及少数双音节词在后加-er; --est 来构成比较级和最高级;其他双音节词及多音节词在前加more, most.如：great-greater-greatest busy-busier-busiest important-more important-(the)mostimportant
(2)不规则形式good(well)-better-best bad(ill)-worse-worst many(much)-more-most little-less-least
(3)形容词比较等级的用法①表示两者的比较，用形容词的比较级+than. 如：Heis cleverer than the other boys. Thisone is more beautiful than that one.
②表示两者以上的比较，用"the +形容词最高级(+名词)+of(in) …"如：Heis the cleverest boy in his class.
③表示两者是同等程度，用"as +形容词原级+as". 如：Heis as tall as I. I have as manybooks as you.
④越… 越…
例如：Themore I learn, the happier I am.
⑤ You can neverbe too careful. 越小心越好 又如：Youcan never praise the teacher too highly.
你怎么赞扬这个老师也不过分。⑥ I have neverspent a more worrying day.
那一天是最令我担心的一天。Ihave never had a better dinner.
这是我吃过的最好的一顿饭。⑦ My English isno better than yours. 我的英语和你的英语都不怎么样。B.副词1、副词的种类 (1)时间副词如：ago, before,already, just, now, early, late, finally, tomorrow等
(2)地点副词如：here, there, near,around, in, out, up, down, back, away, outside等。
(3)方式副词如：carefully,angrily, badly, calmly, loudly, quickly, politely, nervously等。
(4)程度副词如：almost, nearly,much, greatly, a bit, a little, hardly, so, very等。2、副词比较等级的用法 其用法与形容词相似，只是副词最高级前可省略定冠词。如：Ofall the boys he sings (the) most beautifully.
Wemust work harder.
3、某些副词在用法上的区别
(1) already, yet,still
already表示某事物已经发生，主要用于肯定句;yet表示期待某事发生，主要用于否定句和疑问句;still表示某事还在进行，主要用于肯定句和疑问句，有时也可用于否定句。如：We'vealready watched that film.
Ihaven't finished my homework yet.
Hestill works until late every night.
(2) too, as well,also, either
too,as well和 also用于肯定句和疑问句，too和as well多用于口语，一般放在句末，而also多用于书面语，一般放在句中与动词连用。either用于否定句和否定的疑问句，往往放在句末。如：Hewent there too.
Hedidn't go there either.
Ilike you as well.
Ialso went there.
(3) hard, hardly
hardly意为"几乎"与hard在词义上完全不同。如：Iwork hard every day.
Ican hardly remember that.
(4) late, lately
lately意为"最近、近来"，late意为"晚、迟"。如：Henever comes late.
Haveyou been to the museum lately?
II.例题 例1Tom's father thinks he is already ____
Ahigh enough B tall enough
Cenough high C enough tall
解析：该题正确答案是B。修饰人高用tall, 而建筑物的高用high,并且enough修饰形容词要放在形容词后面。因此该题选B。 例2____ the worse I seem to be.
AWhen I take more medicine
BThe more medicine I take
CTaking more of the medicine
DMore medicine taken
解析：该题正确答案为B。"the+形容词比较级+… , the +形容词比较级+…"意为越…，越…。该句意为：吃的药越多，我的病越是加重。
例3"I haven't been to London yet".
"Ihaven't been there ____".
Atoo Balso Ceither D neither
解析：该题正确答案为C。A和B都用于肯定句中。D-neither本身意为否定"两者都不"，而C-either则用于否定句中，意为"也"。 例4Mr Smith was ____ moved at the news.
Adeep Bdeeply C very deep D quite deeply
解析：该题正确答案为B。A. deep用于副词时，修饰具体的深，如dig deep,而B-deeply则修饰表示感情色彩的词，如该题为deeply moved.另如deeply regret等。而D-quite和deeply均为副词，不能互相修饰。
(二)介词
I.要点1、介词和种类 (1)简单介词，常用的有at, in, on, about,across, before, beside, for , to, without等。 (2)复合介词，如by means of, alongwith, because of, in front of, instead of等。2、介词和其他词类的习惯搭配关系 (1)和动词的搭配，如agree with, askfor, belong to, break away from, care about等。 (2)和形容词的搭配，如afraid of, angrywith, different from, good at
(3)和名词的搭配，如answer to , keyto, reason for, cause of, visit to等.
3、介词短语可以有自己的修饰语，这种修饰语通常有right, just,badly, all, well, directly, completely等少数几个副词。如：Hecame right after dinner.
Helives directly opposite the school.
4、某些介词的意义与用法举例
(1) at, on, in(表时间) 表示时间点用at,如at four o'clock,at midnight等;表示不确定的时间或短期假日也用at,如at that time, atChristmas等。 指某天用on,如onMonday, on the end of November, 指某天的朝夕用on,如on Friday morning,on the afternoon of September lst等。 指长于或短于一天的时段用in,如in the afternoon, in February, in Summer, in 1999等。(2) between, among(表位置)between仅用于二者之间，但说三者或三者以上中的每两个之间的相互关系时，也用between, 如I'msitting between Tom and Alice.
Thevillage lies between three hills.
among用于三者或三者以上之间。如：Heis the best among the students.
(3) beside, besides
beside意为"在…旁边"，而besides意为"除…之外"。如： He sat beside me.What do you wantbesides this?
(4)in the tree, onthe tree
inthe tree 指动物或人在树上，而on the tree 指果实、树叶长在树上(5)on the way, in theway, by the way, in this way
onthe way 指在路上 in the way 指挡道 by the way 指顺便问一句 in this way 用这样的方法(6)in the corner, atthe corner
inthe corner 指在拐角内 at the corner 指在拐角外(7)in the morning, onthe morning
inthe morning 是一般说法 on the morning 特指某一天的早晨(8)by bus, on the bus
bybus 是一般说法on the bus 特指乘某一辆.
II.例题 例1Do you know any other foreign language____ English?
A except B but C beside D besides
解析：A、B两项except等于but，意为"除了…"，C-beside意为"在…旁边"，不符合题意。而D-besides, 意为"除了…之外，还有"。所以该题正确答案为D。该题意为：除了英语外，你还知道别的语言吗? 例2He suddenly returned ____ a rainy night.
Aon B at C in D during
解析：我们均知道，at night这一短语，但如果night前有修饰词，表具体的夜晚，则要用介词on来修饰，故该题正确答案为A。 例3I'm looking forward ____your letter.
Ato B in C at D on
解析：该题正确答案为A。look forward to 为固定搭配，意为"期望、盼望"。
(三)连词
I.要点1、连词的种类 (1)并列连词用来连接并列关系的词、短语或分句，如and, for, or,both…and, either…or, neither…nor等。 (2)从属连词用来引导从句，如that, if, whether,when, after, as soon as等。 除了从属连词(引导状语从句)外，还有其它可以用来引导从句的词类。它们是连接代词和连接副词(引导名词性从句)，关系代词和关系副词(引导定语从句)。
2、常用连词举例(1)and和，并且They drank andsang all night.
(2)both…and 和，既…也…Both my parents and I went there.
(3)but 但是，而 I'msad, but he is happy.
(4)either…or 或…或…，要么…要么…Either you're wrong, or I am.
(5)for因为 Iasked him to stay, for I had something to tell him.
(6) however 然而，可是 Af first, hedidn't want to go there. Later, however, he decided to go.
(7)neither…nor 既不…也不 Neither my parents nor my aunt agrees with you.
(8)not only…but(also) 不但…而且…He not only sings well, but also dances well.
(9)or 或者，否则Hurryup, or you'll be late.Are you a worker or a doctor?
(10)so 因此，所以It'sgetting late, so I must go.
(11)although 虽然 Although it was late, they went on working.
(12)as soon as 一 …就 I'll tell him as soon as I see him.
(13)because 因为 He didn't go to school, because he was ill.
(14)unless 除非，如果不 I won't go unlessit is fine tomorrow.
(15)until 直到…He didn't leaveuntil eleven. (瞬间动词用于not… until 结构)
Hestayed there until eleven.
(16)while 当…时候，而 (表示对比)
While I stayed there, I met a friend of mine. (while后不可用瞬间动词)
Mypen is red while his is blue.
(17)for 因为 He was ill, for hedidn't come. (结论是推断出来的)
(18)since自从…I have lived heresince my uncle left.
(19)hardly… when 一… 就 I had hardly gotto the station when the train left.
(20)as far as 就… 来说As far as I know,that country is very small. You may walk as far as the lake. (一直走到湖那里)
II.例题 例1John plays football ____, if not better than, David.
Aas well B as well as C so well D so well as
解析：该题意为：John踢足球如果不比David好的话，那也踢得和David一样好。和…一样好为as well as.故该题正确答案为B。 例2She thought I was talking about her daughter, ____, in fact, I was talkingabout my daughter.
Awhen B where C which D while
解析：该处意为"然而"，只有while有此意思，故选D。 例3Would you like a cup of coffee ____ shall we get down to business right away?
A.and B. then C. or D. otherwise
解析：该处意为"或者"，正确答案为C。
英语语法知识难点(二)
(四)动词时态、语态
I.要点1、一般现在时 (1)表示经常发生的动作或现在存在的状态，常与sometimes,always, often, every day等时间状语连用。如：Sometimes, we go swimming after school.
(2)表示客观真理、科学事实等。如：The earth goes round the sun.
2、现在进行时(1) 表示说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作，常与now, at present等时间状语连用。如：What are you doing now?
(2) 和always, continually等连用，表一种经常反复的动作，常含有某种情感。如：He is always doing good deeds.
3、现在完成时 主要表示动作发生在过去，对现在仍有影响，或动作一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去，常与just, already, so far, once, never 等词连用。如:
Have you ever been to Beijing?
4、一般将来时 表示将来某一时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与tomorrow, next year等连用。如：I'll meet you at the school gate tomorrow morning.
We're going to see a film next Monday.
5、一般过去时 表示在过去某一时间或某一阶段内发生的动作或存在的状态，常与yesterday, last year, in 1998, a moment ago等词连用。如： It happened many years ago.
6、过去进行时 表示过去某一时刻或某一时期正在发生的动作。如： What were you doing this time yesterday?
7、过去完成时 表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。如：The train had already left before we arrived.
8、一般过去将来时 表示说话人从过去的角度来看将来发生的动作。如： He said he would come, but he didn't.
9、被动语态 被动语态的时态，以give为例。
II.例题
例1 I learned that her father ____ in 1950.
A had died B died C dead D is dead
解析：该题正确答案为B。从句中的谓语动词动作虽然发生在主句谓语动词的动作之前，但因从句中有明确的过去时间状语in 1950, 所以不用过去完成时态，而用一般过去时态。
例2 The five-year-old girl ____ by her parents.
A is looked B has looked for
C is being looked for D has been looked
解析：该题正确答案为C。在带有介词的动词短语用于被动语态句中，介词不能省，否则就变成了不及物动词短语，而不能用于被动语态的句子中。
(五)动词虚拟语气
I.要点 表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议或与事实相反的假设等。一般常用于正式的书面语中。 1、虚拟语气的构成
注：如果条件从句谓语动词包含有were或had, should, could有时可将if省去, 但要倒装。如：Had you (If you had) invited us, we would have come to yourparty.
2、虚拟语气在各种从句的应用 (1)在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、惋惜、理应如此等，其谓语形式是"should(可省) +动词原形"，常用于以下三种句型中。 句型一：It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc) that…
句型二：It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc) that…
句型三：It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc) that…
如： It is strange that he (should) have done that.
It is a pity that he (should) be so careless.
It is requested that we (should) be so careless.
(2)在宾语从句中用于suggest, propose, move, insist, desire, demand, request, order,command等动词后的宾语从句中，表间接的命令和建议。其谓语形式是"(should)+动词原形"。如：I suggest that we (should) go swimming.
(3)在表语从句中，表示间接的命令，要求、请求、建议、决定等，主句中的主语通常是suggestion, proposal, request, orders, idea等。从句谓语形式是"(should)+动词原形"。如：His suggestion is that we (should) leave at once.
(4)在同位语从句中，谓语形式是"(should)+动词原形"。如：We received order that the work be done at once.
(5)在It is time that…句型中，其谓语动词形式是"动词的过去式"或 "should +动词原形",should不可省。如：It's time (that) we went ( should go) to school.
II.例题 例1 We had hoped that he ____ longer.
A stays B have stayed C stayed D would stay
解析：该题正确答案为D。had hoped表示"本希望"，同样用法的动词还有think, expect等，后面的句子需用虚拟语气 例2 "Mary wants to see you today".
"I would rather she ____ tomorrow than today."
A comes B came C should come D will come
解析：该题正确答案为B。would rather后面的从句需用虚拟语气，用动词过去时表示。 例3 Had she been older, she ____ it better.
A had done B might have done
C might do D would do
解析：Had she been older = If she had been old. 故该题正确答案为B。
(六)短语动词
I.要点 英语中有许多短语动词在意义上是一个整体，其用法有的相当于及物动词，有的相当于不及物动词，有的兼有及物动词和不及物动词的特征。英语短语动词的构成主要有以下六种：
(1)动词+介词 常见的有look for, look after, send for, care about, ask for, laugh at,hear of (from), add to, lead to等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后。如：Don't laugh at others.
I didn't care about it.
(2)动词+副词 常见的有give up, pick up, think over, find out, hand in, point out等。这类短语动词的宾语如果是名词，既可放在副词前边，又可放在副词后边;宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词，则要放在副词前边。如：You'll hand in your homework tomorrow.
Please don't forget to hand it in.
(3)动词+副词+介词 常见的有look down upon, go on with, break away from, add up to, catchup with等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后边。如：All his money added up to no more than $100.
After a short rest, he went on with his research work.
(4)动词+名词+介词 常见的有take care of, make use of, pay attention to, make fun of 等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后边。如：You should pay attention to your handwriting.
We should make full use of our time.
(5)动词+形容词 常见的有leave open, set free, cut open等。这类短语动词的宾语如果是名词，则宾语可放在形容词的前边，也可放在后边;宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词，则必须放在形容词前边。如：
The prisoners were set free.
He cut it open.
(6)动词+名词 常见的有take place, make friends等。这类短语动词用作不及物动词。如：This story took place three years ago.
I make friends with a lot of people.
(7)辨析give away(让给，暴露) 和 give up(放弃，停止)put away(放起，收起)和 put out (扑灭)turn up(出席，放大)和 turn on (打开)keep out(阻止)和 keep off (不让靠近)make up(编造，补上)和 make out(辨认)take off(脱，起飞)和 take out(拿出)
II.例题 例1 It is wise to have some money ____ for old age.
A put away B kept up C given away D laid up
解析：该题正确答案为A。意为"存";keep up意为"继续";give away意为"分发";lay up"贮藏"。 例2 Here's my card. Let's keep in ____.
A touch B relation C connection D friendship
解析：该题正确答案为A. keep in touch为短语动词，意为"保持联系"。 例3 ____! There's a train coming.
A Look out B Look around C Look forward D Look on
解析：该题选A. look out 意为"小心"。
(七)动词不定式
I.要点 1、不定式的形式。以动词write为例。
2、不定式的句法功能 (1)作主语To hear from you is nice.
To be a good teacher is not easy.
不定式作主语时，为了保持句子的平衡，往往以it作形式主语，而不定式置于谓语动词后。如：It's nice to hear from you.
It's not easy to be a good teacher.
(2)作宾语 通常用于want, hope, wish, like, need, hate, begin, start, remember,agree, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help等词后。如：I forgot to lock the door.
Please remember to write to me.
(3)作表语
My job is to pick up letters.
He seemed to have heard nothing.
(4)作定语 不定式作定语时，须放在它所修饰的名词或代词后。如： I have two letters to write.I have a lot of work to do.
(5)作宾补 通常用于want, wish, ask, order, tell, know, help, advise, allow, cause,force等词后。如：He ordered her to leave at once.He wasforced to obey his order.
(6)作状语He got up early to catch the first bus.
He worked hard to catch up with the other students.
(7)作独立成分To tell you the truth, I told a lie.
(8) "疑问词+不定式"结构。如：I don't know how to choose them.
I cannot decide where to go.
(9)不定式的否定式。如：I decided not to go.
(10)不定式的完成式。如：He seemed to have cleaned the room before I came in.
The boy is said to have been sent to the hospital last week.
(11)too…to 结构。如：He was too excited to go to sleep.
He was only too glad to go. (他太高兴了，乐意去)
(12)主动表被动。如：The book is easy to read.
I have a book to read.
II.例题 例1 I haven't got a chair ____.
A to sit B for to sit on C to sit on D for sitting
解析：该题选C。不定式to sit on在句中作定语，修饰名词chair. 因为不定式和它所修饰的名词间是"动宾关系"，所以不定式必须是及物动词，故此处on不能省略。 例2 He was made ____.
A go B gone C going D to go
解析：该题选D。make sb. do sth. 如果是被动形式，不定式do前的to不能省略。
例3 A new factory is ____ very soon.
A to be built B built
C to build D to building
解析：该题选A。is to be built意为"将要被建"。
(八)动名词
I.要点 动名词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有名词的句法功能。 1、动名词的形式，以write为例。
否定式 not +动名词 2、动名词的用法 (1)作主语Playing football is my favorite sport.
Travelling with friends at weekend is fun.
作主语的动名词结构复杂且长时，可用it作形式主语。如： It is funtravelling with friends at weekend.
(2)作宾语I enjoy playing PC game.He gave up writing five yearsago.
(3)作表语What he hated most was doing nothing.Seeing is believing.
动名词作表语时，句子的主语常是无生命名词或what引导的名词性从句。(4)作定语There's a dining room in my school. All the people watching laughed.
(5)动名词的复合结构"物主代词(或名词的所有格)+动名词"。如：Tom's going home late made her mother angry. Would you mind my opening the window?
不过，动名词的逻辑主语在遇到以下情况时，必须用名词的普通格(或人称代词的宾格)。①无生命名词The girls were afraid of the door suddenly closing.
Fire burns better by oxygen being at work.
②有生命名词，但表泛指。Have you ever heard of girls smoking?
③两个以上的有生命的名词并列。Do you still remember my parents and me coming to see you thatday?
3.后面常接动名词的动词和短语mind, enjoy, finish, consider, practise, magine,
keep, suggest, advise, allow, permit,
be worth doing, be used to doing, be busy doing,
can't help doing, it is no good doing, it is no use doing,
look forward to doing, stick to doing, pay attention to doing,
devote to doing, lead to doing
II.例题 例1 She says she doesn't feel like ____ out with you.
A going B to go C for going D went
解析：该题正确答案为A。 feel like = want, 此处like 为介词，后面要接名词或动名词作宾语 例2 The garden needs ____.
A water B watering C to water D watered
解析：该题正确答案为B。 need = want = require. 如果物作主语，此三者后要接动名词或to be done这一结构作宾语。 例3 Excuse me ____ you.
A interrupting B to interrupt
C interrupted D to have interrupted
解析：该题正确答案为A。excuse 后接动名词作宾语，此句中的me为动名词的逻辑主语(常用于口语中)。
(九)分词
I.要点 分词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有形容和副词的句法功能。它分为现在分词和过去分词两类。现在分词和过去分词的主要差别在于现在分词有一般式和完成式，过去分词则只有一般式。现在分词表动作正在进行，表主动。过去分词及物动词表动作已经完成，表被动。过去分词不及物动词表动作已经完成，表主动。过去分词的句法功能： 1、作定语I like to read the novel written by Lu Xun.
The woman sitting beside the broken window was a friend ofmine.
2、作表语When I came into the room, I found the window was broken.
I'm interested in this book.
3、作宾语补足语I'm going to have my bike repaired.
When I walked home, I saw the thief caught by the police.
4、作状语Seen from the top of the mountain, the city looks small.
The teacher came into the classroom, followed by his students.
现在分词的句法功能。
1、作状语Seeing from the top of the mountain, I found the city wasbeautiful.
Walking along the street, they suddenly saw him.
2、作宾语I hate being spoken ill of.
He considered visiting Japan during the winter vocation.
3、作表语Seeing is believing.
The book is interesting.
4、作宾语补足语I noticed him crossing the street.
Mother caught him smoking in the kitchen.
5、作定语Do you know the man writing a letter?
The worker running a machine is my brother.
分词使用中的几个问题1、现在分词的完成式Having cleaned the room, I went out.
2、现在分词的否定式
Not having received any letter, he felt a little worried.
3、现在分词与过去分词的不同 现在分词表示主动、正在，过去分词表示被动、完成I found the man killed there. I found the man standing there.
4、have结构We have the car repaired. We have repaired the car. Wehave Tom repair the car.
We have Tom repairing the car the whole morning.
5、分词作表语We were excited at the news. The football game is exciting.
6、独立主格结构It being a fine day, we went out to visit the park.
中考英语考试注意事项
一、听力
1.刚拿到试卷的时候,应该先将听力题目阅读一遍,这样在听听力的时候,也便有了目标性。
2.要仔细阅读,有时间要把选项也看一遍,找出选项间的不同。
3.养成边听边记的习惯,特别是在一些细节的方面,我们可以听的时候,顺手写在试卷的旁边,这样可以迅速的做出判断。
二、单项选择
1.注意题中暗示的有关信息。
2.找准考点。
3.注意审题,排除干扰的选项。
4.多注意平时做题中出现的易错点,考试中也是考试的一个重点。
三、阅读
1.通读全文理解大意。阅读理解应该先将文章通读一遍,这样才能做好每一个题。比如完形填空,有些选项是都可以选择的,可能是要阅读到后面的文章,才能理解前面这个空是怎么选择的。阅读理解就更不用说了,陷阱更多,需要我们仔细的去理解有关内容。
2.精读试填。这要求我们运用所学的语法和词汇知识,根据上下文的联系,对每个题做出准确的判断,考生要注意的就是统筹兼顾,上下统一,这样做出的答案准确性才会高。
3.检查。我们做完之后,可以快速的检查一遍,我们可以带着我们的答案进去检查,遇到讲不通的自然也就是错的。所以这个方法还是很有效果的,希望同学们可以试一下。
中考英语实用答题技巧
答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名，在规定的位置贴好条形码。
所有要求书写的区域都应该使用“0.5毫米黑色签字笔”，即：姓名、准考证号、改错和书面表达。注意，只接受黑色的签字笔!填涂答案的部分则只接受“2B铅笔”!填涂要求饱满、清晰、不超格。不得用铅笔或圆珠笔写作文;字体要工整、笔迹清楚。
请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
保持答题卡卷面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破。
选择题需要填涂答案在答题卡上。考生可把填涂区依次分四块填涂：听力题区一块，单选题区一块，完型题区一块，阅读题区一块。不要四区一次填完，容易造成移位。
建议考生携带两支2B铅笔，一支尖，一支扁平。填涂时，考生可先用尖铅笔在答题区选项上轻点答案，遇有悬而未决的答案可点两个，最后核定时再用扁平铅笔涂黑时决定取舍，宜轻擦小点，且用力均匀。
用扁平铅笔填涂时要注意从左至右划过来，再推过去，一个来回即可，无须多次。忌点、叉、团、勾!
短文改错题的答题一定要规范、符合要求。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧)，并在此符号“下面”写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用“斜线”划掉。
修改：在错的词“下面”划一横线，并在该词“下面”写出修改后的词。